Elementary Education
Since India got independence education sector always play a vital role. In Dec. 2002 according to 86th Amendment of Constitution suggested to make education free & compulsory. According to Constitution all the children between the age group of 6-14 years should get atleast primary education. According to Article 21A in Part III of the Constitution it was suggested that State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the of the age of six to forurteen years in such manners as the State may, by law, determine.
In Nov 1994, Govt. has introduced the District Primary Education Programme to regulate the elementary education system in our country. There are some programmes for girls also such as Kasturba Gandhi Shiksha Yojana where it was suggestedto establish residential schools for girls in all the District. There are some other programmes also such as SARVA- SHIKSHA ABHIYAN, MID-DAY MEAL SCHEME and many with the intention of attracting more children and parents towards literacy.

Higher Education
Since the ancient times our country has been a centre of excellence in the field of higher education. Nalanda, Vikramshila & Takshashila were some of the oldest renowned Universities of that time. In 1857, Calcutta University, Bombay and Madras Universities and in 1887 Allahabad University was formed to provide the students higher education.In 1944 first time an attempt was made to introduce a national system of education in India the University Grants Commission was formed.

Organizations Involved in Higher/Professional Education System of the Country
University Grants Commission
All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
Distance Education Council (DEC)
Bar Council of India (BCI)
Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR)
Medical Council of India (MCI)
Dental Council of India (DCI), etc.

Scholarships and Awards
Scholarship is the reward for performing brilliance and giving the opportunity for further higher education. Some National Scholarships are:-
National Talent Search scheme (for regular students)
National Talent Promotion Scheme (for school drop outs)
Chacha Nehru Scholarships for Artistic and Innovative Excellence.
National Talent Search (NCERT)

Secondary Education
Secondary Education is the bridge between the elementary and the higher education. Secondary Education plays a vital role for a Childs career because a lot is depend on the type of education he/she receives at the Secondary level. Secondary level of education includes children between the age group 14-18years, studying in class 9-10 leading to higher secondary classes of 11 and 12.
Some organizations that support Secondary Education:-
National Council of Educational Research & Training (NCERT)
Central Institute of Education Technology (CIET)
Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS)
Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (NVS) etc.

Adult Education
There are lot of schemes and programmes launched by our government to speed the literacy such as Community- Development Programme, Sarva Shiksha Mission. In 1975-76 a scheme was launched for women by the name of Functional Literacy for Adult Women (FLAW) to spread the literacy rate of women. Due to the efforts of our Govt. today the literacy rate increased to 65.38% in 2001 comparing 18.335 in 1951. According to 2001 Census male literacy rate goes to 75.85% and female literacy rate to 54.16%.

Loan/Aid for Education
Education plays a vital role in developing a country. Every Govt. levies policies in the National and State level to ensure that this basic need of the population is met through appropriate public and private sector initiatives.
The scope of education has widened both in India as well as in abroad. The main emphasis of the Educational Loan Scheme is that every student should get the proper education. Even if he belongs from poor family he can avail this facility. He can take loan to cover his financial crisis from back with affordable terms and conditions. No deserving student is denied an opportunity to pursue higher education for want of financial support.
In short this scheme aims at providing financial assistance a reasonable terms to the poor and needy students to undertake basic education and then able to pursue higher, professional or technical education. This scheme is adopted by all commercial banks.

Study Abroad
Every student of our country wants to get education in the best reported institution of other country. But today this thing is not so difficult because of the launch of Global Village where Indian student can get the education in the best foreign institution. Some reputed courses where most of the students wants to get are MBA, Degree Courses in Engineering, Biotechnology, under graduate or post graduate programmes in humanities etc. Some of the foreign countries offer scholarships under cultural exchange programmes to eligiblecandidates who are interested to study in all those countries. These scholarships are canalized in India via the Department of Education, Ministry of HRD.

All the major dailies and in Employment News the terms, conditions and all the details are published to avail the facility to study abroad.
Results on the net
Since 1997 there came the facility of getting the result of various academic, entrance and recruitment exams. Such as CBSE, ICSE, UPSC, SSC, ICAI, etc. It was started by National Information Centre (NIC). Due to this system now students or their parents can see the result in their home or any cyber café. The student simply needs to type his/her roll number at appropriate place and the result/mark sheet is displayed on the screen.
To make this system more faster and smoother NIC publishes results on multiple channels apart from the web like
E-mail
SMS
IVRS

Foreign Languages
If you know any foreign language you will always have the benefit of this. No matter whatever you choose the course you will be in the safe side. Studying foreign language can improve your analytical and interpretive skills. The person who know the foreign language are called on to travel and exchange information with other countries throughout the career.
Today, some Government colleges and universities offers foreign language course such as :-
Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi University, Burdwan University, Nizam College, Shivaji University, Benaras Hindu University, University of Mumbai, Aligarh Muslim University, Calcutta University, Guru Nanak Dev University, Patna University, Jadavpur University, Kurukshetra University and many more.

Employment
India is the second most populated country after China. With a work force of more than 440 million, a huge pool of English speaking graduates need the job. Our Govt. also doing its best to bring about a better matching between the demand and supply of work opportunities. UPSC and SSC conduct competitive exams for recruitment of various posts. Govt. has also set up a number of Employment Exchange all over the country to facilitate recruitment to suitable candidates into its various sectors.

UPSC
UPSC was established under Article 315 of Indian Constitution. The Commission conducts competitive exams for recruitment to various services and posts such as Civil Service Examination, Engineering, Medical and Forest Service Exams etc.
Their recruitment process is done through three methods:-
Direct Recruitment
Promotion
Transfer
In the direct recruitment process the recruitment is done through competitive examination, such as Civil Service Exam, Defence Services, Medical and Forest Service etc. Then are process of recruitment is done by interview only and one process is of written test followed by interview.

SSC
Subordinate Services Commission was set up for conducting the exams to the lower categories of posts in the Govt. sector. In 1977 the name of Subordinate Services Commission was changed to Staff Selection Commission where the recruitment is done for the non-technical Group C and Group B in the different Govt. departments or in different ministries of Govt. of India.

Employment Exchanges
National Employment Services or Employment Exchange operated by the Director General of Employment and Training, Ministry of Labour, runs over 900 Employment Exchanges to provide the work opportunities. Job seekers register themselves with these Employment Exchanges and get notified as soon as any vacancy in the Govt. sector matches with the candidates profile. Employment Exchange plays a vital role in assisting the youth in finding employment in any Govt. Deptt. Registering the applications of job-seekers and notifying them about vacancies, collection and dissemination of Employment Market Information, Vocational Guidance to students and the youth are the major functions of Employment Exchanges.

Armed Forces
Armed Forces epitomize the ideals of service, sacrifice, patriotism and our countrys composite culture. The recruitment in the Armed Forces is voluntary where every citizen of India irrespective of caste, creed, colour, religion, community is eligible to apply and get recruited in the forces. But there is one thing which is very important is the physical, medical and educational criteria which should be mached with the condition. Recruitment of Commissioned Officers in the Armed Forces is done through UPSC and the exam is known as CombinedDefence Service Examination (CDSE). This exam is held twice a year. After clearing the exam the successful candidates join the respective training academies such as Indian Military Academy, Naval Academy for Navy and the Air Force Academy for Air Force.

Taxes
We get tensed when we heard the name of Tax. But Relax! This segment will provide you many useful informations regarding Income Tax, Wealth Tax, Service Tax etc. Here you will also find information regarding the saving of money in better way.

Income Tax
Income Tax is a tax paid to the Central Govt. on personal income. According to Income Tax Act 1961, the person whose total income exceeds the maximum exemption limit shall be chargeable to the income tax.

Permanent Account Number (PAN)
PAN is an all India unique number of 10 characters allotted by the Income Tax Deptt. This number is issued for the whole life and not changed even if your address, location or station changes. It remains same for the whole life. PAN number is very much essential and everybody should have it. It helps during the time of filing returns. If you dont have the PAN card you can avail it by downloading Form No 49A and submitting it in the nearby PAN facilitation centre or by filling an online form.

E-Return
Income Tax department has started the Electronic Furnishing of Return of Income Scheme where eligible assesses can file their returns electronically. An eligible person opting to file his return of income under this Scheme shall approach and give his consent to any one of the e-intermediaries to act as his agent for this purpose.

Tax-Rebate
To make everything easier and faster you should be well known of the policies of tax rebates provided by Indian Govt. There are various ways through which provide by invest your money at the beginning of the financial year. There are various tax saving schemes such as General Provident Fund(GPF), Life Insurance Premium, Public Provident Fund(PPF), Emplyees Provident Fund Scheme, NSC/NSS etc.

Citizens can file their taxes by submitting Income Tax Return form along with the Permanent Account Number card. Besides this ther are various online services for payment of taxes online provided by the Income Tax Deptt.

Wealth Tax
The Wealthtax act is an important direct tax legislation, which come into existence on 1st April 1957. wealth tax is the tariff on the benefits derived from property ownership. The tax is to be paid year after year on the same property on its market value.

Health
From very beginning our government has given stress on health and fitness because a healthy citizen only can make a healthy nation. Indian Govt. from time to time introduced various schemes & programmes for the betterment of the citizen. This is the reason why today life expectancy increases from 62-64 years. IMR has fallen to 56000 birth in the year 2005. Our Govt. also work hard and get success in controlling the serious health problems/ viral diseases such as malaria, TB, pneumonia, cancer and other water borne diseases to a certain level.
All the health related programmes comes under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and was further sub-divided into various departments such as Deptt. Of Health, Family Welfare, Deptt. Of Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Homeopathy, Naturopathy and many more. Currently Govt. has hosted a website by the name Health India regarding the maintaining the health of the citizen through diet control.
In this web site there is the information of various health related programmes of Govt. list of hospitals and medical institutions, medical insurances, family welfare & planning etc.

Vaccination
Safe vaccination and safe delivery process is the most impotant section health section.The main objective of immunization scheme is to reduce the morality and morbidity due to Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs) especially for children. Our immunization programme is the largest in the world in terms of quantities of vaccines used, number of beneficiaries, number of immunization sessions organized and also the geographical area covered. Under the immunization scheme, vaccines are used mainly to protect the children and the mother from the six deadly diseases. Such as T.B., Diphtheria, Pertussis, Polio, Measles and Tetanus. Hepatitis B vaccine is also included in the Universal Immunization Programme. Sometime after vaccination few children and infants may develop allergic reactions. During that time contact doctor immediately for proper treatment.
Guidelines For a Healthy Family
The first thing for a healthy mother and child is that there should 2 years gap in the pregnancies after the marriage. Then there should be limiting in the total number of pregnancies, not exceed.

Some basic Tips:
To safe from childbearing all pregnant women should to go to health worker for pre-natal care. The birth of the infant should be done by an experienced midwife.
For the first few months breast milk is the best food for the infant. After four to six months of the baby other foods can be added with the breast milk.
A baby below 3 years needs some special feed. They need to eat 5 to 6 times a day. Smashed vegetables and same amount of fats or oil should be added in their food to develop their diet.
There is the danger of diarrhea in small children, through watery stool or in any other way. It must be replace immediately by giving the child plenty of the right liquids to drink such as breast milk, home based fluids such as Dal water, rice water, butter milk or a special drink called as ORS.
Immunization protects from several harmful diseases which can cause poor growth, disability and even cause death. All immunization should be completed in the first year of the childs life and the vaccination process should be started at the age of one and half years.
A baby should get protected from coughs and colds. If the baby is breathing fastly then the normal condition, it is the sign of seriousness and he should he go to the health centre quickly. A child who is suffering from cough and cold should give plenty of foods and liquid products.
Mostly illness cause when the germs enter the mouth. It can be prohibited by washing the hand with soap after toilets and before taking the food, by keeping the food & water clean, use boil drinking water if the water is not purify.
There is the major role of the parents in protecting the child. They should keep an eye on the activities of the child.

Fooding
Providing the proper diet to children is the major issue in India. Govt. has taken three steps for improving the nutrition process of child in India. They are:-
1. Commitment to reduce malnutrition and low birth weight through national and state level policies.
2. The use of a Community based approach to approach to address malnutrition and child development.
3. Vitamin A and iron related food should be provided to the baby after causing by vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
In the current report of UNICEF around 46% of children below the age of 3 are too small according to their age, 47% of children are underweight while 16%are wasted.
Many of these children are brutally very thin.

Few Tips on Nutritious to a Child:
1. Provide your child sufficient numbers of iron related food such as green leafy vegetables, fresh fruits, and so on.
2. Provide your child with the plenty of cereals, but give stress on the habit of eating wholegrain.
3. Milk products are must for an infant baby. It help in proper growth, provide calcium which help to ensure healthy bones.
4. Dont encourage for any alcohol.
5. Always keep your child away from spicy and salty foods. Also avoid the food that has high sugar and fat.
6. Try for the right cooking techniques such as steaming, boiling & baking rather than frying. In frying lots of oil is require which is not good for health.

Programmes and Schemes
Ministry of Woman and Child Development started various programmes on the norms of child nutrition. They are
Guidelines on the feeding infants & young child
These guidelines stress on the breast feeding. Breast feeding is very essential for a new born baby and should start immediately after the birth and continue for at least for six months.

National Nutrition Policy
It was adopted in 1993 by the Govt. of India under the Deptt. of Woman & Child Development. This Policy deals the monitoring the nutrition levels all over the country and sensitizing Govt. machinery on the need for good nutrition and prevention of malnutrition. It also deals with multi sectoral strategy for eradicating malnutrition and achieving optimum nutrition for all. This policy also includes the Food & Nutrition Board, where the posters are developed, audio jingles and video spots for circulate facts.

Integrated Child Development services schemes
It is one of the most important schemes on Child Development in all over the world. This Scheme is undergoing since 1975 under the Ministry of Women & Child Development. The main aim of providing the services to the pre-school children in an integrated manner so that to get proper growth and development of children in rural, tribal and slum areas. This also look on the nutrition of Children.
Udisha
In Sanskrit Udisha means the first rays of the new dawn. It is a nationwide training component of World Bank assisted Women and Child Development Project. This project was passed with the agreement of paying Rs.600 crores for 5 years.
UNICEF is also in the joint venture of this project. This programme aims to train the child care workers in the country.
Its scope reaches to the far remote villages.
Training programmes under udisha
The udisha team udisha at the state level.

National Policy for children
This Policy was started so that the State shall provide adequate services towards children both before and after birth and during the growing stages for their full physical, mental and social development.
National Charter for children
This project stress Indian Govt.to look after the commitment to childrens rights to survival, health and nutrition, standard of living, childhood care, their education, protection of girl child, equality, life and liberty etc.
National Action Plan for children
This scheme includes the aim, strategies and activities for improving the nutrition status of children, reducing IMR, providing Primary Education and so on.

Other schemes are:-
Balika Samridhi Yojna
Kishori Shakti Yojana
Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls
Early childhood education for 3-6 years age group under the programme of universalisation of elementary education.
Scheme for the welfare of working children in need of care and protection.
Programme for street children
Child live services.
Rajiv Gandhi National Creche scheme for the children of working mothers.
Programme for Juvenile Justice.
General Grant-in-aid scheme.
National Creche Fund.

Housing

India is part of a global trend that is advancing towards an increasing urbanisation, according to which more than half of the world's population is living in towns and cities. India has a total population of 1,027 million as accounted by the 2001 census, out of which 27.8 percent live in urban areas. The span of ten years between 1991 and 2001 has showed a steady increase of 2.1 percent in the proportion of urban population in the country.
It is noteworthy that the contribution of urban sector to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is currently expected to be in the range of 50-60 percent. In this context, enhancing the productivity of urban areas is now central to the policy pronouncements of the Ministry of Urban Development. Cities hold tremendous potential as engines of economic and social development, creating jobs and generating wealth through economies of considerable scale. They need to be sustained and augmented through high urban productivity for a country's economic growth. National economic growth and poverty reduction efforts will be increasingly determined by the productivity of these cities and towns. For Indian cities to become growth oriented and productive, it is essential to achieve a world class urban system, which in turn depends on attaining efficiency and equity in the delivery and financing of urban infrastructure.
After 1950, the Government of India formulated ten five year plans aimed towards housing and urban development, which led to the launch of Urban Poverty and Alleviation Programme of Nehru Rojgar Yojana (NRY). These plans laid emphasis on institution building and on construction of houses for government employees and weaker sections. The Industrial Housing Scheme was widened to cover all workers. As a follow-up of the Global Shelter Strategy (GSS), National Housing Policy (NHP ) was announced in 1988, whose long term goal was to eradicate the problem of lack of housing, improve the housing conditions of the inadequately housed, and provide a minimum level of basic services and amenities to all. The role of Government was conceived, as a provider for the poorest and vulnerable sections, and as a facilitator for other income groups and private sector by the removal of constraints and the increased supply of land and services.

Travel & Tourism

India is the land of myriad experiences and exotic locales. It is a world of resplendent colours and rich cultural locales, be it magnificent monuments, heritage temples or tombs. The Country's ancient cultural heritage is inextricably linked to its technology driven present existence. The co-existence of a number of religions and cultures, together with an awe-inspiring topography makes it the perfect place for a complete holiday experience. India has the right tourism potential and attractions to captivate all types of tourists, whether they seek an adventure tour, cultural exploration, pilgrimages, visit to the beautiful beaches or to the scenic mountain resorts.